Importación y carga de archivos fuente en Solidity

Hay dos razones principales para cargar archivos externos en Remix:

para importar una biblioteca o dependencia (para archivos que NO vaya a editar)
to load some files for manipulation and editing (for files you might want to edit)

Importar una biblioteca o dependencia

When importing from npm, or a URL (like GitHub, an IPFS gateway, or a Swarm gateway) you do not need to do anything more than use the import statement in your contract. The dependencies do not need to be «preloaded» into the File Explorer’s current Workspace before the contract is compiled.

Files loaded from the import statement are placed in the File Explorer’s current Workspace’s .deps folder.

Under the hood, Remix checks to see if the files are already loaded in the .deps directory. If not, it gets them via unpkg if it is an npm lib.

He aquí algunos ejemplos de sentencias import:

Import from npm

Use an npm package name directly in the import path. Remix resolves the package automatically via unpkg.

import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/ERC20.sol";

import "@openzeppelin/contracts@4.2.0/token/ERC20/ERC20.sol";

Nota

In the scoped-package example above, @openzeppelin is the name of the npm library. In the following example the library’s name does not begin with an @ - but Remix will go and check npm for a library of that name.

import "solidity-linked-list/contracts/StructuredLinkedList.sol";

Import from a GitHub URL

Paste a full GitHub URL to import a file directly from a public repository.

import "https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/blob/v2.5.0/contracts/math/SafeMath.sol";

You should specify the release tag (where available), otherwise you will get the latest code in the main branch. For OpenZeppelin Contracts you should only use code published in an official release, the example above imports from OpenZeppelin Contracts v2.5.0.

Importar desde Swarm

Use a bzz-raw:// URI to import a file stored on the Swarm decentralized storage network.

import 'bzz-raw://5766400e5d6d822f2029b827331b354c41e0b61f73440851dd0d06f603dd91e5';

Importar desde IPFS

Use an ipfs:// URI to import a file stored on the IPFS network.

import 'ipfs://Qmdyq9ZmWcaryd1mgGZ4PttRNctLGUSAMpPqufsk6uRMKh';

Importar un archivo local que no está en .deps

Para importar un archivo que NO se encuentre en la carpeta .deps, utilice una ruta relativa (./). Por ejemplo:

import "./myLovelyLovelyLib.sol";

Advertencia

Imports cannot reference files in a different Workspace. Both the contract and its dependencies must be in the same Workspace.

Importar un archivo desde el sistema de archivos de su ordenador

This method uses Remix Desktop, which has direct access to your computer’s filesystem. Open the folder you want to work with from within the Remix Desktop app and its files will appear in the File Explorer.

Más información sobre la palabra clave de importación

Para una explicación detallada de la palabra clave import consulte la documentación de Solidity

Importing files for manipulation

When importing from the home tab widgets or with a remix command in the console, the files are placed in the root of the current Workspace inside a folder that shows their source - eg GitHub or gists.

Botones de importación en la pestaña de inicio de Remix

The Gist, GitHub, Swarm, IPFS, & HTTPS buttons are to assist in getting files into Remix so you can explore.

Al hacer clic en cualquiera de los botones Importar aparecerá un modal como éste:

No need to wrap the URL or ID in quotes.

Carga con un comando remix en la consola

Los 2 comandos de remezcla para la carga son:

remix.loadurl(url)
remix.loadgist(id)

remix.loadurl('https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/blob/v2.5.0/contracts/math/SafeMath.sol')

remix.loadgist('5362adf2000afa4cbdd2c6d239e06bf5')

Acceso a los archivos cargados desde la pestaña Inicio o desde un comando remix

When you load from GitHub, a folder named github is created in the root of your current workspace. To import a file from the github folder, you would use a command like this:

import "github/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/contracts/math/SafeMath.sol";

Notice that this import statement doesn’t include the version information that was in the remix.load(url) command. So it is recommended that you use the methods described at the top of this page for importing dependencies that you are not intending to edit.

Assume the .sol file that contained the import statement above is in the contracts folder. Notice that this import statement didn’t need to traverse back to the github folder with a relative path like: ../github.